While both Thomas Jefferson and John Marshall were Virginians, their philosophies of government had little in common.
Thomas Jefferson had been inaugurated as president of the United States, and his victory limited John Adams and the Federalists to one term only. The two former friends and colleagues were now not speaking, and the conflict between the Federalists and the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans escalated.
One of Adams’s last gifts to the new president was a series of “midnight appointments” of Federalist judges. As you may recall, Adams forgot to have the appointments delivered before Jefferson’s inauguration, and James Madison, the new secretary of state, refused to deliver the letters. However, Adams had previously been quite effective in packing the courts with Federalist-leaning judges, and Jefferson had a fight on his hands. (Does any of this sound familiar?) Continue reading